The Overview of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health status 2023 (Overview) aims to provide a comprehensive outline of the current health status of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The early sections of the Overview present information about the social and cultural context of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health, social determinants, the structure of the population, and measures of population health including births, deaths and hospitalisations. In this version we have introduced a section for cultural indicators including language. This will be further developed as more data becomes available.